Here is a set of discussion papers prepared for local audiences in Maine on various issues encountered in trying to understand forest carbon. Hope you find it useful.
LCI
The Society of American Foresters recently published this essay in a large volume reviewing programs and policies of the US Froest Service.
The essay
Irland, 2018. Changing Gospels: Defining Efficiency and Effectiveness for the National Forests. In, Steve Wilent, ed. 193 Million acres: toward a healthier and more resilient US Forest Service. Bethesda, MD: Soc of Amer. Foresters. Pp. 293-316.
The introductory paragraph is here:
America’s national forests emerged during an era, roughly 1890 to 1910, when evidence of land abuse was visible on every hand. Thoughtful people knew change was needed. Scientists were prominent in calling for reforms; leading business people and elected officials added their voices. At various times in the past, the goals for national forests were at least widely understood, if not strongly supported by all parties and in every detail. For example, when federal agencies were cutting back grazing allotments in order to recover range productivity and reduce erosion, such steps were strongly opposed locally. Recent events in the West show that the resulting heritage of bitterness persists. This heritage of ambiguous social goals and ambivalent support for national forest management has led to weak interest in the efficient management of those forests. However, given the scarce resources of the national forests, and the even scarcer government funds for their management, operational efficiency has become increasingly important. Today, however, the range of goals and of divergent group interests has become so wide that the very meaning of efficiency for the system as a whole has become elusive and perhaps not even useful any longer (Fedkiw 1989, Cubbage et al. 2017).
This essay traces the development of this conundrum, reflecting on various attempts made to find definitions and metrics of “efficiency” with which to appeal for budgets, to identify needs and advocate programs, and to measure progress. Picking up on a well-known book about the early conservation movement (Hays 1972), I describe these successive attempts as “gospels” to indicate the universalism and intensity of their advocates. From adopting broad mandates (the Multiple-Use Sustained Yield Act), to ever more costly and elaborate forest planning, to posing alternatives in great detail and measuring them financially, to accounting as the answer (Timber Sale Program Information Reporting System [TSPIRS]), and drives to impose rational, goal-oriented budgeting, have all been disappointing in developing any crisp, broadly shared definition of “efficiency.” I argue here that efficiency and effectiveness have no meaning unless in relation to clearly stated goals. This essay focuses on the National Forest System (NFS) and leaves aside State and Private Forestry and Research.
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This chapter is not about evaluating the efficiency or effectiveness of National Forest System management. Instead, it provides a selective and interpretive history of how these concepts have been formulated and interpreted, both in management and in official pronouncements. We can describe these as a series of gospels, often preached by their successive advocates with religious zeal.
[1] Robinson (1976) offers a sound review of the issues that is not as dated as one might think based on the book’s publication date.
The full book can be ordered from the Society of American Foresters’ website:
www.eforester.org
Quick overview of timber markets in the Central Rolckies and how they are changing. Focus is on markets for small material. Given at an SAF meeting in Durango.
21% of Maine in Conservation – how
This powerpoint is updated with data to 2016 from a talk given at the 2016 Maine Sustainability and Water Conference. In that version, only 2014 was available. Kennebec Woods and Waters National Monument is included; this was a 58% increase in federal ownership in Maine.
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Seed Corn Irland restoration talkThis talk given at Bangor meeting of Society of American Foresters M and The Wildlife Society. March 2017. Was part of a panel on forest restoration.
On April 26, 20-17, the US Departments of Commerce announced a preliminary finding that US lumber producers have been injured by Canadian imports and that a countervailing duty would be applied pending final resolution.
This document lists a number of information sources you can use to do your own homework on this issue.
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Presented at meeting of the Granite State Division, New England Society of American Foresters, March 2017.
Sep 4, 2015
Management policies and timber cut levels on Maine’s state-managed public lands has been a domain of insiders, specialists and policy wonks and received little public attention. They are now on the front pages. How did these issues get there? Not by environmental protests, lawsuits, or industry discontent, but by moves by a change-minded governor to micromanage and rebuild state programs according to his own notions of how things should be done.
Bigelow Preserve
The story’s many strands defy a quick summary, but here is a starter list of things you might want to look to for information.
Maine Public Lands Issues 2015
Maine’s Public Land Timber Controversies
List of Information Resources
This note is intended as a short primer and cannot fully discuss all issues. If you need to drill deeper, here are some places to start:
Lloyd C. Irland, “Maine’s Public Lands — How can the revenues be used?, How much timber should be cut? Do we need to change how they are managed? Unpublished paper, Sep 4, 2015. Irland Group, Wayne, Maine 13 pp.
www.researchgate.net/publication/281464851_Maine%27s_Public_Lands
Bangor Daily News, Editorial. “Maine can’t cut more trees from its public forests on a whim” Aug 14, 2015.
BPL 2000. Integrated Resource Policy.
BPL 2014 Lands Annual Report
Department of Conservation, June 10, 2015. “Re-inventory shows Maine Public lands under harvested” Augusta. Includes letter from E. Bowling of Sewall Company analyzing inventory data.
“Public lands caught in vise” Central Maine Newspapers, Mar 22, 2015, p. B4
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Maine Forest Products Council Newsletter Mar 19 summarizes a number of stories including one on the Committee hearing.
Christine Parrish, Logjam – questions arise about over-cutting timber on Maine’s public lands.
Story (source misplaced) Jan 29, 2015.
Forest Guild. June 15, 2015. Forest Guild Statement on Maine Forest Policy.
http://www.forestguild.org/publications/policy/Position_2015_ME_Forest_policy.pdf
Irland and Barringer, 2015. “In land we trust” Maine Sunday Telegram May 3d. Insight section p. D-1.
Commentary: Proposed use of revenue from Maine’s managed lands raises concerns
Irland, “Policies for Maine’s public lands: a long-term view,” In: Maine Choices, 1999. Augusta: Maine Center on Economic Policy. pp. 7-21.
Opinion of the Attorney General. 1992. 1992 Me. AG LEXIS 7.
Opinion of the Justices. 308 A 2d 253 (1973) decided June 21, 1973.
Kevin Miller, “Panel guts LePage’s timber harvest plan”. Kennebec Journal, Apr 18, 2105, p. 1.
KJ Staff, “Saviello, Hickman, named co-chairmen of land management fund commission”. Kennebec Journal, Aug 27.
NRCM. 5.7.2015. “Public lands income. Operating expenses, and account balances”. Augusta. Financial data from 2010 to 2014.
Sherwood, D. Assessing Maine’s certified sustainable harvest. Seymoursherwood13full.pdf. http://www.nsrcforest.org
A good newsclip file is on the Facebook Page of the Friends of Maine’s Public Lands. https://www.facebook.com/pages/Friends-of-Maine-Public-Lands/1606645459549774
Irland Group Sep 4, 2015.
